Department of Entomology and Zoology

Undergraduate Courses

BIO-103: Introductory Zoology

[Compulsory], [2 Credits], [1st semester]

Basic knowledge of introduction to the zoology that related to agriculture, Principal phyla of Animal Kingdom, mosquitoes and diseases , classification of phylum –Annelida and general structures of various internal organs, Vermiculture and vermicomposting.

BIO-104: General Zoology

Compulsory], [2 Credits], [2nd semester]

Basic knowledge of general zoology that related to agriculture, introduce the common poisonous and non- poisonous snakes, embryology, endrocrinology, comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Classification of Phylum Arthropoda and structure of various internal organs, general structure of Round worm.

BIO-105: Evolution of Plants/Animal Cell and Tissue

[Selective], [1 Credit], [1st semester]

Basic knowledge of biology and cell structure, Types of cells, Cell division, Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue and Nervous tissue.

BIO-106: Biodiversity of Plants/Animal Form and Function

[Selective], [1 Credit], [2ndsemester]

Basic principles of animal form and function; nutrition, circulation, gaseous exchange, reproduction and nervous system

ENT-101: Introductory Entomology

[Compulsory], [2 Credits], [3rd semester]

Basic knowledge of introduction to the Entomology and a short introduction to the systematics of insects, study on Fundamental Entomology: Definition of Entomology; Characteristics of the class Hexapoda- body segmentation and the general structure of various internal organs. Principles of Insect Classification: Description of insect orders and families related to the important for agriculture and the environment.

ENT-102: Industrial Entomology

[Selective], [2 Credits], [4th semester],

The basic knowledge of sericulture, apiculture and lac cultivation. Apiculture (Beekeeping): The Meaning of Beekeeping, Importance of Beekeeping, Social Bees, Species of Honey Bee, Commercial Production of Honey, Indigenous methods of bee keeping, Frame Hive Beekeeping, Products from A Bee Hive. Lac Cultivation: Lac Insects and Lac Hosts, Classification of Lac Insect, The Life Cycle of Lac Insect, Suitable Hosts of Lac Cultivation, Pruning of Lac Hosts, Forecast and Determination of Swarming Date, Inoculation or Infection, Disadvantages of Premature Cutting of Brood Lac, Disadvantages of Late Cutting of Brood Lac. Sericulture: The Meaning of Sericulture, Kinds of Silkworms, Mulberry Silkworms, Classification of Bombyxmori, Biology of Bombyx mori, Commercial Silkworm Rearing, Reeling Silk and Main Properties of Silk.

ENT-103: Crop Pests and Their Control

[Compulsory/Selective], [3 Credits], [5th semester],

Basic knowledge that related to Agricultural Crop Pests and their Control. Study on the Morphology; Mode of damage and symptom; Biology and Ecology; Host; Management of Insect pests on rice, pulses, oil seed crops, cotton, sugarcane, vegetables and plantation crops, stored produce. Different kinds of Insect pests Control such as Mechanical and physical control measures; The sterile insect release method; Cultural control; Plant resistance in insect control; Biological control; Legislative control.

ENT-104: Insect Systematics

[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [6th semester]

Definition of insect systematics and classification; Key outlines to identify the insects; Identification of beneficial insects; Identification of insect pests. Know how to identify insects to species level using various techniques. Know how to properly preserve insect specimens, and database and disseminate information associated with them. Understand the various theoretical frameworks for systematics and how they influence analysis and the resulting classification. Understand the reason for taxonomic revision, from recent changes to ordinal relationships to species revisions.

ENT-105: Insect Physiology

[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [6th semester]

The structure (anatomy) and function (physiology) of the life of living organisms through dissection of some systems. The interrelationship of structure (anatomy) and function (physiology). Complementary is seen in all aspects of anatomy and physiology and is important in understanding how the body or a structure works in a particular way. Physiology of insects; structure and function of internal organ systems and their role in insect success.

ENT-106: Insect Ecology

[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [7th semester]

The knowledge of the environmental effect on the population dynamics insect pests on the economically important crops in Myanmar. Distribution; Factors effect on the population dynamics; Factors effect on the distribution; Factors effect on the mortality rate; To survey the population dynamics of insect pests in the field. knowledge on experiential learning in field ecology to highlight insect dynamics, diversity and adaptations in terrestrial and aquatic habitats, with opportunities to augment personal collections.

ENT-107: Biological Control of Insect Pests

[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [7th semester]

The basic knowledge of biological control method against insect pests which attack on the economically important crops in Myanmar. Predators and parasites of insect pests; control measure of insect pests by using predators and parasites; Life cycle and behavior of predators and parasites; The relationship between predators, parasites and environmental factors; Rearing predators, parasites in the laboratory and release in the field. Biology and ecology of predators and parasites.

ENT-108: Pesticides and Pesticides Application

[[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [8th semester]

Approaches and methods for pest control in agriculture. The overall approach of applying intelligent and efficient interface with pest and safe use of poisons. The course includes principles for Disease Control, the application of the principles of pest control and soil pest control -fumigation. The course introduces the student the broad field of pest control in agriculture. Approaches and methods for pest control in agriculture. The course will emphasize the overall approach of applying intelligent and efficient interface with pest and safe use of poisons. Includes principles for Disease Control, the application of the principles of pest control and soil pest control -fumigation.

ENT-109: Integrated Pest Management

[Compulsory / Selective], [3 Credits], [8th semester]

The knowledge and benefits of integrated pest management practice of the control of pests on the economically important crops in Myanmar. IPM definition; IPM strategies; Basic tenets of integrated pest management emphasizing ecological principles; integration of chemical, biological, cultural and physical tactics into an overall strategy for the agroecosystem; chemical pesticides, cultural practices, host resistance, biological control, sterility principle, economics of pest control and pest/host relationships.

ENT-110: Insect Behaviour

Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

The knowledge of the behavior of insect such as attraction behavior, courtship behavior, reproductive and social behavior, oviposition behavior, nesting and brood care, competitive, defensive and mutualistic, host finding and feeding behavior, dispersal and locomotory behavior, perception of insecticides, foraging behavior, etc. To find out behavioral related control measures of the some insect species and examines the relations with their surrounding environment.

ENT-111: Plant Resistance to Insects

Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

The basic knowledge on the tolerance of plant and factors effect on the plant resistance to insect. Damage of insect pests; Changes of plant characters due to insect pests attack; Tolerance of plant; The factors effect on the resistance of plant to insect.

ENT-112: Acarology

Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

An overview of the identification, systematics and biology of the major groups of Acari: Tetranychidae: plant spider mites associated with crops, ornamental plants and stored products, the techniques (study, collection, preservation) used in acarology. Focuses on mites of agricultural importance; Instructs on the use of a hand lens and a dissecting microscope to identify the various life stages of plant pest mites and phytoseiidae.

ENT-131: Scientific Writing

[Compulsory], [1 Credits], [6th, 7th, 8th semester]

A course designed to give students the skills necessary to write a thesis, and to prepare other professional materials for presentation or publication. Topics covered in this course include: searching the scientific literature; scientific writing style; writing undergraduate level papers, proposals, projects, and thesis components; preparing scientific presentations; presentation of data; using visual aids; and using word processing, and presentation software.

ENT-116: Presentation Skill

[Compulsory], [1 Credits], [6th, 7th, 8th semester]

This course designed to give student the skills of how to make successful scientific presentation. The student will able to know how to know your audience, tell audience members up front why they should care and what’s in it for them, convey your excitement and tell your story. This course includes how to make oral presentation, poster presentation and different types of presentation.

ENT-113: Special Research Group

[Compulsory], [8 Credits], [6th, 7th, 8th semester]

This course will enable the students to understand how to collect and preserve insect; Characteristics of the class Hexapoda- body segmentation and the general structure of various internal organs. Description of insect orders and families particularly those of agricultural importance; Apiculture (Beekeeping): Description of Honey Bee and Parts of the Modern Frame Hive; Lac Cultivation: Classification and Life Cycle of Lac Insects; Sericulture: Morphology of Silkworm, Silk Glands, Equipment for Silkworm Rearing.

This course include description, mode of damage and damage symptom of Insect Pests on Rice, Insect pests on Pulses, Insect pests on oil seed crops, Insect pests on cotton, Insect pests on mustard and brinjal, Insect pests on crucifers, Insect pests on plantation crops and sugarcane. This course will give the knowledge on Predaceous and parasitic insects; The Formulation of Insecticides; Dilution of insecticides; Application of insecticides; spraying equipment and stored product pests.

M.Agr.Sc Degree Courses

ENT- 601 INSECT TOXICOLOGY Credit-3

Definitions of toxicological terms; classification of insecticides. Susceptibility of insects to the entry of poisons. Pharmacology ol poisons for insects. Persistence and degradation of insecticides. Implication of insecticides usage. Insect resistance toinsecticides. Poisoning symptoms of different classes of poisons, Antidotes.

Practical: Bioassay of insecticides using different test insects; study of system aticaction of some insecticides and residual toxicity of some others; compatibility tests on different insecticides.

ENT- 602 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Credit-3

Scope and history of biological control; Parasites and predators for the control of insect pests; Fundamentals of biological control including host relations of parasites. Factors governing parasite introduction; Biological control of insect pests and weeds with particular reference to well-known international examples.

Practical: Field and laboratory study of parasites and predators. Study on the impact of pesticide application on the population of these insects. Evaluation of the effectiveness of parasites and predators in reducing the pest population.

ENT- 603 INSECT VECTORS OF PLANT PATHOGENS AND THEIR CONTROL Credit-3

Role of insects in the transmission of pathogens (virus, bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi)of plants; pathogen-vector relationship; Phytotoxaemias factors influencing spread of plant pathogens by vectors; Control of insect vectors.

Practical: Study of the life history, habits and control of insect vectors; Detailed study of chemicals used for their control.

ENT- 604 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT Credit-3

Definitions of integrated control; Ecological and theoretical bases; Determination of crop losses; Economic thresholds and economic injury levels, Integrated control strategy in' different crop habitats; Role of different methods in the strategy of integrated control; Supervised control; Examples of successful integrated control.

Practical: Study of plant and animal fauna in different crop habitats and assessment of crop losses in relation to insect population, Study on the selectivity of insecticides by use of different application methods.

ENT- 605 PLANT RESISTANCE TO INSECTS Credit-3

Mechanism of plant resistance to pests; Measurement of resistance; Factors in fluencing resistance; Use of sources of resistance to pests in major crops; Limitation of plant resistance.

ENT- 606 APICULTURE Credit-3

Important features of Apis species; Different types of honey yielding bees ofN4yanmar; Types of bee hives; Activities of honey bees; Bee management in relation to seasonal activity and floras; Diseases and enemies of bees and their control. Bee breeding; Pesticide toxicity to honey bees, Role of bees in pollination of crops.

Practical: Identification of local honey bees; Detailed study of different types of beehives; Techniques of capturing bee swarms and colonies and hiving them. Transferring of bees to modern hives; Study of life-cycles of parasitic wax moths.

ENT-607 STORAGE PESTS AND THIER CONTROL Credit-3

Storage losses. Insects, mites and rodents as pests of stored commodities, their damage, distribution and ecology Principles of grain storage, storage structures. Sources of infestation and methods of control. Safe use of pesticides, pesticide residues in foodstuffs.

Practical: Identification of pests of stored commodities. Study of different types of storage structures; detection and estimation of infestation in the stored grains Infestation control.

ENT-609 PRINCIPLES OF INSECT SYSTEMATICS Credit-3

History of insect systematics; concepts of sub-species, species, and genus, in traspecific and supra-specific categories, taxonomy and new systematics; International rules of Zoological Nomenclature, writing of a taxonomic paper.

Practical: Use of key for the identification of insect up to the specific level.

ENT- 613 INSECT ECOLOGY Credit-3

Introduction to insect ecology, the study ol environment of animals, innate capacity for increase in numbers, dynamics and theories of insect population and study of the empirical examples. Study of natural populations, sampling of life tables for determination of mortality factors. System approach in pest control and use of predict models.

Practical: Study of distribution patterns, size and number of examples. Construction of life-tables and determination of mortality factors.

ENT- 614 MICROBIAL CONTROL OF PESTS Credit-3

Use of microbes in pest control. Interaction between microbes. Joint action of microbes and chemical insecticides. Safety of microbes. Production of microbial insecticides. Influence of environment in crop management on microbial control Standardization and assay of microbial insecticides Pest resistance to microbial pesticides.

Practical; Study of microbe and their uses in pest control.

ENT - 616 PLANT PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Credit-3

History of development of equipment of pest control. Classification, main constructional features and principles of function of the equipment used in control of animal pests, weeds and plant pathogens. Selection of equipment, its operation and maintenance.

Practical; Study of construction and function of various types of pest control appliances. Calibration of appliances.

ENT- 617 SERICULTURE Credit-3

Study of silkworm culture, diseases and breeding problems; Mulberry cultivation. Practical:Study of silkworm rearing methods and diseases.

ENT- 618 PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANALYSIS Credit-3

Sources, nature, extent and significance of pesticide residues. No effect level, pesticide laws and tolerance limits. Methods of sampling and estimation.

Practical - Estimation of pesticide residues using colourimetric, gas chromatographic, enzymatic and bioassay methods.

ENT-619 INSECT BEHAVIOR Credit-3

The process of host plant selection; Feeding behavior; Reproductive behavior; Brood care and social life; A survival catalogue; Visual communication; Chemical communication; Mechano-communication

Practical: Field and Laboratory study of insect behavior.

ENT-621 ACAROLOGY Credit-3

Study of the nature of mites and ticks, how they attack the living organisms, study on their behavior, life cycle and development; identification on plant spider mites.

Practical- Collection and identification of plant mites (spider mites) using lab equipment.

ENT-622 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT Credit-3

Insect pest management and the environment: applications of biotechnology in Agriculture: Mechanisms and inheritance of resistance to insect pests; genetic engineering of Entomo-pathogenic microbes for Pest Management; biotechnology, pest management, and the Environment.

ENT-623 CHEMISTRY OF BIOPESTICIDES AND THEIR FORMULATION Credit-3

Different types of formulations and their preparations. Formulation ingredients: active ingredients and carriers/diluents, surfactants, synergists, safeners, encapsulants, binders, anti-oxidants and stabilizers. Sources of biopesticides and extraction (ASE, SFE/solvent extraction). Isolation, characterization and properties. Mode of action of important groups of naturally occurring insecticides (pyrethroids, nicotinoids, rotenoids, limonoids, microbial macrolides). Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) based insecticides and other biopesticides.

Practical- Preparation of different types of formulations and study of their characteristics.

ENT-624 Principles of insect anatomy and physiology Credit-3

A detailed study of anatomical and physiological features of skeletal, muscular and locomotory systems, digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, reproductive, endocrine, nervous and sensory systems of insects with emphasis on the relation of structure to function.

Practical- Study of life cycles of important insect pests of varius crops and their damage symptoms: Application of various management tactics including field application of insecticides.

ENT-625 Insect Pest management in crops Credit-3

Insect pests of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, vegetables fruits, ornamentals, industrial and plantation crops, their nature of damage and integrated management.

Practical – Study of life cycles of important insect pests of various crops and their damage symptoms; Application of various management tactics including field application of insecticides.

ENT-671 SPECIAL PROBLEM Credit-2

Special problems for class room, laboratory, library or field studies of Entomology.

ENT- 681 SEMINAR Credit-1

Required by all post- graduate students in Entomology to discuss current literature and crop development (Compulsory credit).

ENT-691 Research paper (international/domestic) Credit-1

ENT - 699 MASTER'S RESEARCH Credit-16

Ph.D. Degree Courses

ENT-711 Community Ecology 3 credits

Community, association, succession, main ideas of community definitions, types of temporal changes in community, Community characteristics, nature of community, similarity and dissimilarity of stand, classification of community

ENT-712 Host Plant Resistance to Insects 3 credits

Crop plant and insect diversity, Secondary plant metabolites for insect resistance, Insect-plant interactions, Host plant selection, Mechanisms of resistance, Factors affecting expressions of resistance, Screening for insect resistance, Plant resistance and insect pest management, Genetics of resistance to insects, Breeding for resistance to insects

ENT-713 Advances in Microbial Control of Insect Pests 3 credits

Entomopathogens used as microbial control agents, Exploration for entomopathogens, Basic and applied research on baculovirus, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes, Production, formulation, and bioassay of baculoviruses, entomopathogenic bacteria, fungal entomopathogens and entomopathogenic nematodes, Current and potential applications of biopesticides to manage insect pests of various crops, Use of entomopathogens against forest pests, Microbial control of insect pests of turfgrass, LUBILOSA: The development of an acridid-specific mycoinsecticide, Registration of microbial control agents

ENT-714 Insect Physiology 3 credits

The structure and structural relationships of body and/ or its parts (anatomy) and function (physiology) of the life of living organisms through dissection of some systems

ENT-715 Advanced Insect Systematics 3 credits

The taxonomy and biodiversity within insect groups, especially the most diverse Orders, the different theories influencing systematics and the analysis of species relations and the resulting classification, sub-family to species identification using a variety of techniques on the most diverse insect taxa, Students’ own insect collection in order to learn diverse collection techniques, supply materials for their laboratory work, and to hand in for marking

ENT-716 Biological and Biotechnological Controls of Insect Pests 3 credits

The use of various biological control agents specifically on insect parasitoids and predators, pathogenic microorganisms, semiochemicals including pheromones, botanical insecticides, and insect growth regulators, physiological and genetic approaches, namely the genetic control of insect pests and plant resistance to insects as well as various ways of making biological control of insect pests more effective, utilizing the latest advances in biotechnology, Genetic engineering of insect resistance in plants and genetic engineering of biocontrol agents of insects as well as environmental impact of genetically engineered materials

ENT-717 Pesticide Residue in Food, Feed and Environment 3 credits

The incidence and analytical method on the level of pesticide residues in the air, water, soil, food and animal feed stuff that can effect on the human health, Design of residue trials, Sampling pesticide residue trails, sampling of processed commodities, sampling of stored commodities, sample size reduction, sample packing and storage and reporting on residue trials, Regulatory operations, general analytical operations and information, multiclass multi residue methods, selective multi residue methods and single residue methods, Protocols and Reporting Forms for Testing Chemicals through PAM multi residue and single residue methods

ENT-718 Environmental Entomology 3 credits

Impact of environment on insects, and insects as indices of environmental changes, Environment and its spheres, exploration of diversity and roles of insects in natural and affected environments; interactions of various groups of insects with biological, chemical and physical constituents of the environment; discussion of environmental ethics in entomological science; impact of insects and pesticides on environmental quality; impact of pollutants on insects and non-target organisms; biological responses to pollutants; and insects as indicators of levels of pollution

ENT-719 Ecological Entomology 3 credits

Introduction to Ecological Entomology, the concept of the Ecosystem, basic biological and ecological adaptations properties, natural control of insect populations, roles or effects of insect in ecosystem, application of ecological to insect population management