Department of Plant Pathology

Undergraduate Courses

PTY-101: Introduction to Plant Pathology

[Compulsory], [2 Credits], [3rd semester]

History and introduction of plant pathology; Introduction to plant pathogens; Classification of plant diseases; Symptomatology, Environmental effects on the development of the diseases; Dissemination of plant pathogens; Principles of plant disease management.

PTY-102: Principles of Plant Nematology and Nema Diseases, Principles of Plant Virology and Viral Diseases

[Selected], [2 Credits], [4th semester]

Principles of Plant Nematology and Nema Diseases: General characteristics of plant parasitic nematodes; Internal systems of nematode: Feeding behavior; Biology of nematode: Classification of plant parasitic nematodes; Symptoms of nematode attack; Control measures of plant parasitic nematode; some economically important field crops and horticultural crops diseases caused by nematodes.

Principles of Plant Virology and Viral Diseases: Characteristics of plant viruses; Transmission of plant viruses; Symptoms caused by virus; Nomenclature and classification of plant viruses; General control measures for plant virus; some economically important field crops and horticultural crops diseases caused by viruses.

PTY-103: Principles of Mycology and Fungal Diseases

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [5thsemester]

Characteristics of plant pathogenic fungi; Morphology of somatic structures, Reproduction; asexual, sexual method, Ecology of plant fungi, Dissemination of plant fungi; Classification of plant pathogenic fungi; The pseudofungi, The true fungi; Fungal diseases of field and horticultural crops.

PTY-104: Principles of Plant Bacteriology and Bacterial Diseases

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [6thsemester]

Introduction to plant bacteriology; Characteristics of bacteria; Growth and reproduction of bacteria; Nutrition of bacteria; taxonomy of plant pathogenic bacteria and mollicutes; Bacterial virulence and plant disease; Crop diseases caused by bacteria and mollicutes.

PTY-105: Methods in plant Pathology

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [6thsemester]

Diagnosis and survey of plant diseases; Detection of plant pathogens by ELISA method; Ecological concept and plant pathology; Host population, pathogen population and pathosystems; Epidemiology; Influence of physical and biotic environments on epidemiology; Agroecosystem in pathosystem management; Disease forecasting; Crop loss assessment; Seed pathology.

PTY-106: Physiological Plant Pathology

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [7thsemester]

Growth of pathogens prior to penetration; Host-reactions to penetration of pathogens; Factors affecting infection; Changes in host after infection; Host pathogen interface; Toxins and phytoalexins; Alteration in metabolism in diseased plants; Role of substance present in plant before during and after infection in disease resistance; Antagonism and mechanism of defense; Factors affecting for spore germination.

PTY-107: Integrated Disease Management

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [7thsemester]

Integrated Disease Management (IDM): Introduction, Definition of IDM, Design of Disease Management, Strategies for IDM, Four types of Disease; Concepts of disease management; Component and techniques of economic threshold determination for IDM: Economic aspects of IDM threshold determination , Components and techniques of IDM threshold determinations for aerial pathogens, Spore concentration as threshold component, Disease severity and incidence as threshold component, Metrological parameters as threshold components, Forecast using biometrological parameters as threshold components.

PTY-108: Postharvest Diseases and Control

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [8thsemester]

Introduction to postharvest diseases; Economic losses dude to postharvest diseases; Postharvest disease initiation; Each fruit or vegetable and its characteristic pathogens; Factors affecting disease development; Attack mechanisms of the pathogen; Host protection and defense mechanisms; Physiological and biochemical changes following infection; Means for maintaining host resistance; Disease control: Chemical control, Physical means, Biological control.

PTY-109: Molecular Plant Pathology

[Compulsory/Selected], [3 Credits], [8thsemester]

Basic molecular biology (cell structure, importance of nucleic acids, ribosomes, genetic code), organelle isolation, use of antibodies (polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies), genetic engineering; vectors (plasmids and bacteriophages-lysogenic phage, lambda phage, M13 phage), viruses as cloning vectors of other organisms, enzymes for cutting DNA; restriction endonucleases, discoveries and function of restriction endonucleases, central feature of type II restriction endonucleases, blunt ends and sticky ends, cloning a gene with a plasmid vector, alternative ways to get foreign DNA into cells, application of recombination DNA technology in agriculture, polymerase chain reaction, components of PCR, primers, pcr process, analyzing pcr products, use of PCR in plant diseases, genetic fingerprinting paternity testing, detection of hereditary diseases, detection of viral diseases, role of microorganisms in biotechnology, glossary.

PTY-110: Chemical control of crop diseases

[Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

Agrochemicals in plant protection: fungicides and Agrochemicals, Types of Chemical, Used for Plant Disease Control, Inorganic chemicals, Organic chemicals, Nematicides, Halogenated Hydrocarbons, Organophosphate nematicides, Isothiocyanates, Carbomates, Miscellaneous nematicides; Fungicide performance: Types of fungicide, Activities of Fungicides, Mode of Action (MOA), Mechanisms of action of chemicals used to Control Plant Diseases; Formulation and application methods of chemicals for plant disease control, Seed treatment, Soil treatment, Control of Postharvest Disease; Strategy and tactic in the use of fungicides, Frequency of Application, Restrictions on Chemical Control of Plant Diseases, Legislation and Regulation; Redistribution and resistance of fungicide in the host, Resistance of Pathogens to Chemicals.

PTY- 111: Plant Disease Epidemiology

[Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

The Elements of an Epidemic; Host Factors That Affect the Development of Epidemics;(Analysis of Epidemics; Relation of epidemiology to control practice) Pathogen Factors That Affect Development of Epidemics; Environmental Factors That Development of Epidemics; Effect of Human Cultural Practices and control measure; Measurement of Plant Disease and of Yield Loss; Patterns of Epidemics; Comparison of Epidemics; Development of Epidemics; Modeling of Plant Disease Epidemics; Computer Simulation of Epidemics;

(Epidemiological bases of disease forecasting; General procedure; Method used in forecasting; Implementation of Disease Forecasts) Forecasting Plant Disease Epidemics; New Tools in Epidemiology; Examples of Plant Disease Forecast Systems Risk Assessment of Plant Disease Epidemics; Disease-Warning Systems; Development and Use of Expert Systems in Plant Pathology; Decision Support Systems)

PTY-112: Genetics of Plant Disease

[Compulsory], [3 Credits], [9th semester]

Principles and concepts of disease resistance; Types of plant resistance to pathogens; The progress of disease in relation to resistance in host; The influence of disease triangle on resistance; Theory of vertical and horizontal resistance; Hypersensitive response, Genetics of virulence in pathogen and of resistance in host plants; Gene for gene theory; Boom and bust cycle; General principles and methods of breeding for disease resistance; Sources of resistance; Use of resistance; Screening methods for disease resistance; The present position and future prospects of disease resistance in host.

M.Agr.Sc Degree Courses

PTY - 601 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT PATHOLOGY Credit-3

History and development of Plant Pathology, phenomena of infection and disease development; effect of environment and nutrition on disease development; host-parasite relation; physiologic specialization in pathogens; nature of disease resistance; principles underlying symptomatology of diseases; physiogenic diseases of plants; epidemiology, forecasting and control of plant diseases.

PTY- 602 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT DISEASE CONTROL Credit-3

Scientific principles of crop-protection; general principles of controlling plant diseases; application of the general principles to the control of fungal, viral, bacterial, mycoplasmal and nematode diseases of plants; discussion on chemical, biological and cultural control of plant diseases. Laboratory and field work.

PTY - 603 TRANSMISSION OF PLANT PATHOGENS BY VECTORS Credit-2

Group of insect-vectors transmitting plant diseases; importance of insect-transmission; mechanism of insect-transmission; mode of insect-transmission of fungal, bacterial, viral and mycoplasmal diseases of plants; effect of environment on insect-transmission of plant diseases, prevention and control of insect-transmission of plant diseases; laboratory and field work on insect-transmission of plant pathogens.

PTY- 604 BIOCHEMISTRY OF PLANT INFECTION Credit-2

Biochemical approach to understanding of host-parasite relation in plant diseases; biochemical mechanisms of pathogenesis and resistance; fungal enzymes and toxins in pathogenesity; metabolic changes in host in response to infection; laboratory practicals on biochemistry of plant infection.

PTY- 605 FIELD PLANT PATHOLOGY Credit-3

Field survey, collection, laboratory examination, preservation, identification, description and pressed filing of plant diseases caused by different types of pathogens.

PTY- 606 RICE PATHOLOGY Credit-3

History, occurrence and economic importance of rice pathology; infection and disease development; nature and characteristics of rice pathogens; classification and dissemination of rice pathogens; classification and symptomatology of rice diseases, anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes in diseased rice plants; predisposition factors for development of rice diseases; host-parasite relationship in rice diseases, physiologic specialization in rice pathogens; nature of disease resistance of rice plants; seed-pathology of rice diseases; non-parasitic diseases; epidemiology and forecasting of rice diseases; diagnosis and control of rice diseases; estimating the losses caused by rice diseases; advanced study of rice diseases; laboratory and field work on rice pathology.

PTY- 607 SOIL-PLANT DISEASE RELATIONSHIP Credit-2

Physical, chemical, biotic and cultural factors affecting survival, growth multiplication and spread of pathogens and development of diseases caused by fungi bacteria, viruses, nematodes etc.; laboratory and field work.

PTY- 608 ADVANCED PLANT PATHOLOGY Credit-3

Analysis of epidemics, forecasting epidemics, biological interference with epidemics; physiological plant pathology; plant disease assessment methodology; ecology of plant pathogens; breeding for disease resistant varieties; miscellaneous latest developments in plant pathology.

PTY – 611 ADVANCED MYCOLOGY Credit-3

Biology, physiology, taxonomy and genetics of fungi Biology; life-history and parasitism; reproduction, growth and nutrition; fungal ecology, cytology; hybridization, mutation and genetics; physiologic specialization; host-varietal relation. Physiology: growth, metabolism, nutrition, sporulation, spore discharge, dissemination and germination; action of fungicides; phenomena of variation and correlation; taxonomy: morphology, classification systems, characteristics, pathogenic relationship, life-cycle, heterothaheterokaryosis, parasexuality and nomenclature of fungi. Genetics: replication, recombination, mutation, function and extra chromosomal inheritance of fungi.

PTY - 612 FUNGAL DISEASES OF PLANTS Credit-2

History, origin, occurrence; economic importance and etiology; biology of fungal pathogens and disease cycle; epidemiology, forecasting and control of fungal diseases of field and horticultural crops; laboratory and field work on fungal diseases of all types of crops.

PTY - 613 FUNGICIDES IN PLANT DISEASE CONTROL Credit-2

Study of different types of fungicides, their sources, chemistry, mode of action and application in plant disease control, bioassay of fungicides.

PTY- 621 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT NEMATOLOGY Credit-3

History and development of plant nematology; morphology, structure, reproduction, distribution, movement and dissemination of principal genera of plant-parasitic nematodes; host-parasite relation; symptomatology of plant diseases caused by nematodes; principles of controlling plant-parasitic nematodes.

PTY - 622 ADVANCES IN PLANT NEMATOLOGY Credit-3

Ecology, variation, population-dynamics; taxonomy of plant parasitic nematodes; relationship with other microorganisms and plant diseases; epidemiology of plant nema-diseases; crop-loss assessment caused by plant-parasitic nematodes; nematicides and chemistry of namaticides; biological, chemical and cultural control of plant-parasitic nematodes; economic nematology; specialization in representative diseases of plants caused by nematodes; miscellaneous latest developments in plant nematology.

PTY- 623 PLANT DISEASES CAUSED BY NEMATODES Crerlit-2

History, origin, occurrence and economic importance, etiology and disease cycle; classification and biology of parasitic nematodes, epidemiology, forecasting and control of nematode diseases of all types of crops; laboratory and field work.

PTY- 631 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT VIROLOGY Credit-3

History and economic importance; Morphology and structure; infection and replication; transmission, host-range and properties; Symptomalogy, anatomy and physiology of virus-infected plants, interference, acquired immunity and cross-protection test; virus inhibitors; mutation and virus strains, nomenclature and classification; description of the nature and characteristics of plant viruses; identification and control of plant virus diseases.

PTY- 632 ADVANCES IN PLANT VIROLOGY Credit-3

Plant viruses and their names, structure and function of regular virus particles; structural biochemistry of plant viruses; biochemistry of virus infection; effects on host – plant metabolism; ultra-structure of virus-infected plants; methods of assay and analysis; principles and technique of purification, electron microscopy, and serology; composition of virus particles; types of inactivation; virus multiplication; movement and behaviour of viruses in plants; cultivation of virus tissue and cell-culture. Virus free tissue culture technique; genetic variability in virus ecology; soil-borne and seed-borne viruses transmission of some representative plant viruses; epidemiology of plant virus diseases; estimating the crop-losses caused by plant virus diseases; ways of preventing crop losses; specialization in some representative plant virus diseases; discussion on mycoplasma; bacteriophages, cyanophages and mycophages; miscellaneous latest developments in plant virology.

PTY- 633 PLANT VIRUS DISEASES Credit-2

History and nomenclature; characteristics of casual virus; transmission, host-range and life-cycle of the virus, symptomatology and control of plant virus diseases; laboratory and field work.

PTY- 641 AGRTCULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY Credit-3

Scope of agricultural microbiology; characteristics of bacteria; physiology and biochemistry of bacteria; variation and mutation of bacteria; cytology and genetics of bacteria; soil-microbiology; resistance and immunity; control of bacteria by physical and chemical means, by antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, serological and diagnostic methods; characteristics of agriculturally important genera of bacteria; role of some genera of bacteria and other microbes in crop production in agriculture; miscellaneous latest developments in agricultural microbiology.

PTY- 642 ADVANCES IN PLANT BACTERIOLOGY Credit- 3

History and development; origin of phytopathogenic bacteria; morphology, structure, and characteristics; nomenclature and classification (taxonomy); physio chemical properties; nutrition, growth, and reproduction; infection, symptom expression, anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes during pathogenesis; preparation of antisera, and application of serological techniques; description of the nature and characteristics of principal genera of plant pathogenic bacteria; identification and control; epidemiology of bacterial plant diseases; estimating the losses caused by bacterial plant diseases; biological, chemical and cultural control of bacterial plant diseases; specialization in some representative bacterial plant diseases; role of bacteriophages in plant bacteriology.

PTY-643 BACTERIAL PLANT DISEASES Credit-2

History, origin, economic importance; nature and classification of phytopathogenic bacteria; disease cycle, symptomatology, epidemiology, forecasting and control of bacterial diseases in all types of crops; laboratory and field work on bacterial plant diseases.

PTY- 651 LABORATORY TECHINIQUES IN PLANT PATHOLOGY (I) Credit-l

Laboratory practicals on the methods of studying the nature, causes, environment and control of diseases.

PTY- 652 LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN PLANT PATHOLOGY (II) Credit-1

Laboratory practicals on the methods of studying the physiological functions and biotic causes of diseases, soil microflora, epidemiological survey, plant disease assessment etc.

PTY- 653 LABORATORY TECHNTQUES IN MYCOLOGY Credit-1

Collection, examination, identification, preservation and description of taxonomic characters of fungi; isolation of fungi from soil and plant tissues, isolation of single spores from fleshy fungi; demonstration of abundance and dispersal of fungal spores; practice of laboratory methods used in culture collection and Herbarium management, etc.

PTY- 654 LABORATORY TECHNTQUES IN PLANT NEMATOLOGY Credit-1

Practicals on collection, extraction and laboratory examination of nematodes from soil and plant tissues; methods of mounting, fixing, staining and handling nematodes; host-reaction tests; diagnosis and description of plant parasitic nematodes; miscellaneous techniques on pathological aspects of soil and plant parasitic nematodes, etc.

PTY- 655 LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN PLANT VIROLOGY Credit-1

Practicals on the methods of studying the nature and characteristics of plant viruses, serological, pathological and epidemiological aspects of plant virus diseases; methods of conducting experiments on plant virus research work etc.

PTY- 656 LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN PLANT BACTERIOLOGY Credit-1

Practicals on the fundamental methods of studying the nature and characteristics of bacteria and agriculturally important microorganism, application of serological techniques in plant Bacteriology; methods used in soil microbiology; laboratory tests on chemical and biological control measure experiments; host-varietal reaction test; isolation of bacteriophages; other laboratory practicals on pathological aspects of Plant Bacteriology.

PTY- 661 SEED PATHOLOGY Credit-3

Discussion on the problems of seed-borne diseases and seed-borne pathogens; techniques of detecting, identifying and controlling seed-borne diseases; seed-certification schemes; seed-technology; activities and function of international and national seed-testing associations.

PTY-662 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT Credit-3

Definition; significance of idm; design of disease management system; strategies and tactics for idm; management of the environment, associated microbiota and host gene; management with chemicals, host resistance, cultural modification and biological control; components and techniques of economic threshold determinations for idm; idm in practice; rice diseases, oil-seed crops diseases and etc.; extension education for practitioners.

PTY - 663 AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Credit-3

Selection, isolation, production of symbiotic and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms; rhizobia, blue-green algae, azotobactor, azolla; the use of microorganisms for the production of cheese, wine or silage; techniques in mushroom growing in the tropics; chromosome composition in microbes; protein, dna and rna, DNA as a genetic molecule; genetic code; plasmids; restriction enzymes and lipase; methods and techniques for genetical recombination in microbes; genetic engineering in rhizobium and plant.

PTY- 671 SPECIAL PROBLEM Credit-2

Designed to train students in research methodology by giving a specific problem to work on, within every semester.

PTY-681 SEMINAR Credit-1

Discussions on advanced topics in plant pathology. Required by all post-graduate students in Plant pathology to discuss current literature and crop development (Compulsory credit).

PTY-691 Research paper (international/domestic) Credit-1

PTY-699 MASTER'S RESEARCH Credit-16

Ph.D. Degree Courses

PTY-711 Disease Resistance in Plants 3 credits

Principles and concepts of disease resistance, types of plant resistance to pathogens, the progress of disease in relation to resistance in host, the influence of disease triangle on resistance, theory of vertical and horizontal resistance, hypersensitive response, genetics of virulence in pathogen and of resistance in host plants, gene for gene theory, boom and bust cycle, general principles and methods of breeding for disease resistance, sources of resistance, use of resistance, screening methods for disease resistance the present position and future prospects of disease resistance in host.

PTY-712 Pathometry 3 credits

Plant disease diagnosis: Diagnosis by conventional techniques, Use of immunological reactions, Methods based on the nucleic acids of pathogens; Disease assessment and yield loss: Methods used in sampling plants for disease, Timing and frequency of disease assessment, Methods of disease assessment, Assessment of yield loss; Pathogen population dynamics: The measurement of populations, Changes in populations; Modelling and interpreting disease progress in time: Analysing individual epidemics, Reducing data dimension, Comparing epidemics; Epidemiology in sustainable systems: Disease development, Control strategies.

PTY-713 Advanced Plant Pathology 3 credits

Plant disease forecasting, Microorganisms for Biocontrol, Developing biofertilizers and biocontrol agents, Fungi associated with vascular plants Characteristics of plant pathogenic bacteria, Interrelationships between nematodes and other plant pathogens, Characteristics of plant viruses, Properties of Plant viruses, Pathogen's response to disease resistance genes, Chemicals in Plant disease management, Crop los assessment.

PTY-721 Molecular Plant Pathology 3 credits

Cell structure and function, Protein synthesis, Phytoalxins, and defense mechanisms of host, Mycotoxins in plant disease, Resistance to fungicides in pathogen population, Gene-for- gene concept, Enzymes produced by pathogens, Resistance genes of plants, Effect of pathogens on plant physiological functions, How pathogen attacks plant.

PTY-722 Agricultural Microbiology 3 credits

Metabolism of soil microorganisms; beneficial and harmful effects of microbes on plants, Nitrogen fixing organisms in soils, plant growth promoting micro-organisms, Interaction of microbes in soil microbial community, Genetic organization of nitrogen fixing rhizobium species, Pesticides and microbial interaction in soil, Roles of soil microbes in nutrient cycling and plant pathogen suppression.